Kingsessing Branch LEAP Program

Contesta , Nicole. “Friends of the Kingsessing Library Bring More Programs to the Community .” Friends of the Kingsessing Library Work to Bring More Programs to the Community, University City Review , 30 Sept. 2015, ucreview.com/friends-of-the-kingsessing-library-work-to-bring-more-programs-to

-the-commu-p5962-1.htm.

This source proved to be very reliable. Not only does it provide insight into why the Kingsessing Friends Library created the LEAP program, along with the other programs, but gave a description as to what the programs are about and what the mission and goals of each are. Before providing a description of each program, this article talked about the need for more programs and how the closing down of the library resulting in the call to attention for more community involvement.  This source also provided information on the impact LEAP and each program would make and is CURRENTLY making on the community. It helped me to see why LEAP is such an asset to my community and why it should be offered in the best ways possible. This article also showed me how even the smallest action can have and make such a large impact in a community, specifically mines. The LEAP program was created through the threat of the libraries being shut down. It was made for the sole purpose of serving as an asset to people of ages and meeting their needs. What started as an idea, has become a program adopted by all Free Libraries in Philadelphia and other regions! LEAP is changing lives.

How to Effectively Start A Program

“Starting a Program.” Starting a Program Youth.gov , Youth.GOV,

https://youth.gov/youth-topics/mentoring/considerations-starting-mentoring-program

This source gave me so many great ideas and tips needed to start a mentoring program. It gave me a chronological list order of what is needed to be kept in mind when starting and creating the program and even upon the program being in progress. It gave me great tips on what a good program looks like and even advice things such as financial policies and program procedures to follow. I learned a lot more about what starting a program actually looks and what you will need to ensure that it remains in effect and successful.  It is also helped me to prepare certain steps for which I will need to apply when officially introducing and putting the program into play. Because, it is a new program it will need to have much base and structure. This source taught me exactly how to have these two things which are going to be very helpful and determining how the program is going to be facilitated. We are looking to start up the conflict resolution program very soon, and in order for it to be successful and last long, it has to be effective. This source showed me how to exactly make this happen.

Leap Program: Background Information, Mission, and Explanation

“LEAP After-School Program.” Free Library of Philadelphia, Free Library of Philadelphia ,

https://libwww.freelibrary.org/programs/leap/

Upon first reading this source, I felt that it was not very reliable, it was short and brief and didn’t seem as though it would give me much information. However, upon reading it I realized that not only is the source reliable but it explains the LEAP program and its mission in a way that is simple but clear. This source gave me a much deeper insight as to what I would specifically doing as an intern of the LEAP program. It gave me background on the program and its mission and even what it stands for. It also gave me an idea of where else the LEAP program is being provided at and I can use this for further research for my capstone to see what other communities are being positively impacted by the LEAP program.

When figuring out the time, I would spend per week for my capstone, this source was very handy. It helped me to structure the time in which I spent committing too and doing my capstone. It also gave me an idea of what to expect while interning for the program, and what types of skills needed to work with the children. I used this source to begin to research good communication skills and interactive skills so that I would know how to work alongside those who chose to participate in the program. Although it is a shorter source, it provides a brief introduction as to what my job is as a LEAP intern and the main things that I will be doing upon participating.

 Video Interview with Ms. Kelley! (Mentor)

2018, 14 January, LEAP Program, Leitz Kelley, LEAP Program Director

This video interview with Ms. Kelley was my top source, and it is most certainly reliable. In the video, Ms. Kelley is explaining what exactly the LEAP program is, what makes it unique, and how it has served to be a positive impact in the community. She also talks about why she decided to participate in the LEAP program and how the way the program was created really impacts the amount of students that come in and are benefited from it. She also explains why the program is needed and even some of the struggles and conflicts that sometimes come with directing a program that helps children of all different age groups and backgrounds. She also talks about some of  her favorite memories when working with the children that come into the program. All of this information received in the interview was not only reliable because I could stand witness to the impact the program was having and even agree with some of Ms. Kelley’s opinions on the program and was even present for some of those best moments and challenges she mentioned, but it was also inspiring. It made me even more passionate about my capstone, and more passionate to see a student learn and grow their knowledge. It made me feel good during every tutor session that I patiently sat with a student as they learned how to add and subtract correctly or even pronounce a word. It made me feel good, like everything I did was helping to make an impact in someone’s life.

Andrew Miller’s Mentoring Students and Young People handbook

   Miller , Andrew. “Mentoring Students and Young People.” Google Books, Taylor and Francis E-Library , Mar. 2002,

https://books.google.com/books?id=3smPAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

This source was amazing and did an excellent job of explaining the history of mentoring, and the different types of mentoring. As both a LEAP tutor and mentor, I did not want to begin serving as a mentor without having a clue as to what is needed or entailed. I also wanted to have a history of mentoring, where it started from, and where the idea was originally created. To be a mentor, is a very important job. This source helped me to see why it was important to prepare for it and how to make it enjoyable. it also broke down the different forms of mentoring and what is required for each. This was helpful in helping me to see the type of mentoring I would be doing and what kind of mentoring related to me most and the steps I would need to take in order to become a good one. Not only did this source explain the basics of what mentoring is and what it requires, Miller dedicated sections of his book to help the reader better understand mentoring, provided a series of case studies to show how effective mentoring is and why it is needed, and even the roles of a mentor and how being a mentor can open you up to so many other doors of opportunities, in both the educational field and even in the real world.

“Tips for Tutors: How to Ensure That the First Lesson Goes Really Well.” Tutorhub Blog, TutorHub Blog , 9 Mar. 2014, Tips for Tutors: how to ensure that the first lesson goes ... - Tutorhub Blog

This source was reliable in helping me be a great tutor to the children in the LEAP program. I used this source my first day of interning. It really worked! I had to prepare and set the environment. Not only does this source provide steps but breaks down how to effectively do them. Because it wasa blog, upon first reading and observation I felt that it would be bias. However, there was a lot of "If you", which let me know that I could choose to follow the tips if I wanted too. It wasn't really a bias experience but instead helpful suggestions. I also enjoyed reading this source because it provided actual real scenarios that could possibly occur as a tutor in a program or at a school, which was really helpful especially if I found myself in a situation similar to what was provided in each scenario given in the blog.

Auerbach , Yehudith, et al. “From Conflict Resolution to Reconciliation.” Google Books, Oxford University Press , 2004,

https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=wOo8PiX8PWMC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=conflict+resolution+techniques&ots=-cK1XGYAjV&sig=mdydEwZ22N_xDnqWD5eg1xGvyP8#v=onepage&q=conflict%20resolution%20techniques&f=false

This source showed me the importance of not only resolving conflict but of finding reconciliation within the conflict. Often times when we think conflict has been resolved it isn't, which sometimes causes for further build ups and frustrations. Thus, nothing is ever solved. This source helped me to see more into my planning for my conflict resolution program and even helped me to shape and structure the rules and guidelines of my program. This source also showed me why reconciliation goes hand in hand with conflict just as much as resolving it, because it builds mutual trust between those involved in it. I used this source to plan out exactly what the goals of my program are. Upon first observation of this book, I felt as if it would be a lot to read before I would come to find what I was looking for. However, immediately from the beginning the book provided an explanation that corresponded to its title and even some history about conflict resolution which helped me to further see why it was an important part of growth and maturity as a person.

Because there were so many different contributors to this source I was able to get many different perspectives about conflict resolution and the different ways to go about it. I am excited to try each suggestion to see how each one fits with the program’s missions and goals.

“9 Tips on Conducting Great Interviews .” Forbes, Forbes Magazine , 14 Apr. 2012, www.forbes.com/sites/shelisrael/2012/04/14/8-tips-on-conducting-great-interviews/#10de0a3656f1.

This source helped me to structure and formulate my interview with both Ms. Kelley and the LEAP children. I was able to structure my question in a way that would make the interview comfortable and provided questions that gave the interviewees time to speak and to answer each question. I also used this source because as one of the most popular business websites and magazines, Forbes is reliable enough because they are always interviewing someone new for the magazine or the website about their latest achievement in business or what makes it unique. This content was most certainly relatable for Ms. Kelley as she talked about the LEAP program. Although she didn't start the program, she is still in charge of it as it changes and impacts lives in positive way. The questions I asked her allowed for her to summarize and break down what LEAP was about in clear and concise ways. I was not looking to have a basic interview with Ms. Kelley but was instead trying to come up with questions that would make the interview unique and interesting for the viewers. I also wanted them to be able to take something from it about the LEAP program that wasn’t just in my capstone description or what I had provided. The interview tips this source provided allowed me to do just that and I learned more about the LEAP program than I had thought I would or knew.

Forhan , Christy. “Middle School Event Ideas.” PTO Today, PTO Today , 2 Mar. 2018, www.ptotoday.com/pto-today-articles/article/1141-tips-and-ideas-for-middle-school-events.

This source gave me a variety of creative ideas to do for the LEAP program. As an intern, my job is not just to tutor but to plan and create events and activities for the children to participate in that brings the community together. Because the program is from grades K-8th with middle schoolers usually always coming in, planning events and activities for that age range was something I realized I needed to do. This website helped me get an idea of how to correctly plan an event ,and consider the individual while doing this. I now know how to setup the perfect environment for an event, advertise it, and even host it. As a program specifically targeted children, they are going to want to do fun things, and consistently ask about doing activities. This gave me the idea of event planning, This source helped me to also figure out the financial aspect of planning out an event and even how to prepare for it.

“You gotta remember who and whose you are,” my mother told me one fine spring morning. I was eleven and  in the sixth grade. It was the day that I had to present my English paper in front of the class. Boy, was I nervous. There was not a trace of confidence in my body. I had expressed this to my mom, and she immediately gave me a hug and told me that it would be alright, and that in order to first have confidence you must first have to think highly about yourself and even remember how highly God thinks of you. Little did I know how much that one little saying - that one piece of motherly advice, and with a little help of prayer and an extra boost of self-esteem, my life would be changed forever.

Ever since that moment  I never went back. I became confident, spunky, and outgoing. I had established the definition of my identity, and it stuck with me wherever I went.  Through that phrase, and through my own belief that I was God’s child, royalty and that I was Kimberly Danielle Barnes. Although this was the main place in which my defining of my identity was established ,there were other things over the years that I learned defined my identity.  The comfortability and happiness that I would later  get from friends and certain  people around me, my hobbies and other things I enjoyed, and things I participated in, would all help to not only define but to find myself.

The way by which we define ourselves, are often times not our own. The definition of identity, is often times influenced by how others around us feel  and the power by which we allow them to have. It may come from the what and desire from someone else, or what we visualize ourselves being. Our first thoughts of ourselves, however is the first establishment of it. After first defining ourselves, we then allow for it to be adjusted and refined based on what we surround ourselves with. Although the definition by which I defined my  identity was found at the time at age eleven, there were still many things, I later encountered that I allowed to have a larger impact on my overall definition. This is why identity is as fragile package, one thought, view, or opinion can either make it or break it. It is constantly changing, and sensitive to change. This is why there are so many identity adjustments we encounter. Our definitions are not constant.

In Flowers for Algernon, a man defines his identity through his ability to obtain intelligent, The smarter he becomes, the more confidence he finds within himself. However, his definition of his identity came more from based off of what others felt about and towards him. He found his intelligence and was able to determine it through the many tests he took, that would allow for him to see how smart he was. His results were given back to him, by the people who were working with him to make him smart. He could not properly spell his words, making him impaired and because of the knowledge he saw easily grasped by others around him he desired to be smart as they were. He emphasizes his desire for intelligence so that he will fit more in touch with his identity. “Miss Kinnian says  maybe they can make me smart. I want to be smart.” Charlie’s definition of his identity was not complete, because of the lack of knowledge he realized he lacked. His want to be smart, would help him to complete that. His trust in Ms. Kinnian “making him smart” came from the understanding that she herself was on the level of intelligence that he wanted for himself. After months of testing and observations, he at one point reached the level of intelligence he wanted. He illustrates the change he felt not only internally but externally. “I'd hidden the picture of the old Charlie Gordon from myself because now that I was intelligent it was something that had to be pushed out of my  mind. But today in looking at that boy, for the first time I saw what I had been. “ The transition from “mentally impaired” to intelligent changed Charlie in ways he had never imagined. He finally felt confident in himself and the way he viewed himself, because of this. He now saw a man confident enough to be seen by others and now felt renewed a change in his identity. The “old Charlie Gordon” was the man he hid away, not confident and comfortable enough to show. This in turn made him uncomfortable in the definition of himself, and he quickly forgot who he used to be with the new man he had become. This is often what happens, when the definition of ourselves, stems from negativity and not things by which we find happiness and are comfortable in. However, when the way by which we define our identity stems from things that make us feel good, positive things they are easier to remember. This is why we need be careful, the things by which we let influence us and define us.

In What it Means to be a Women in Society, a woman's definition of identity came from the outside sources from around her. The beliefs that society had about women and what it meant to be one. So much so, that she herself could not really determine what it meant to be a women, without it being the actual definition of a women, influenced and established by society. She states the feelings she had upon coming to terms with herself and what it meant to be a women. “Nothing came out. How could I articulate what made me a woman without making it sound like my definition was THE definition of woman?” The author, was so used to this definition that she at first didn’t even know how to define what made a woman a woman. This happens so often, where we are so trained to think about what society has to say or societal views, that we don’t allow our own selves to do the thinking. We feed off of societal definitions, therefore not having an idea of what certain things mean ourselves. She allowed for her definition of identity to be defined by society’s overall definition. If i was defining what it meant to be a GIRL or what a GIRL was I would say myself, being me. Then I would go into my own opinions, based off of myself and how I feel. I would say a feminine female, but that is just my definition, some girls are tom-boyish or prefer sports over shopping. So, I believe that allowing our own definition of what it means to be something or a certain someone should come straight from both our opinions and also our experience and even our own lifestyles. Her definition was fully reliant on society’s opinion, this is why she had no other official definition of her own self.

We must be careful the ways in which we allow things to define us. Each one having its own impact, either positive or negative on our lives. The more positive the better, and stronger our identities become, the more negative the more unstable and fragile we allow for the impact to have on ourselves.

Introduction- When writing this essay, I gained even more knowledge about exactly what literacy is, and how it can effect how you portray anything from an environment to people, and also how it important when building relationships with others and getting to know them. My goal for this essay was to show, how literacy impacted my action and my identity in temporary short time period when on a college campus. I am proud of my scene of memory in this piece, I did a good job using descriptive wording and think I portrayed and structured my essay in a great way. Hope you enjoy!!

Literacy is the knowledge obtained by the observance of someone or something either physically, socially or emotionally. By observing, something or someone in these ways, we are then able to obtain cultural and educational literacy. We use literacy is the main component of most of our everyday lives. Whether we are the ones providing or taking it in. Literacy is often seen and thought of, to  simply  knowledge gained by reading a book or some other form of literature. However, real literacy can come  from analyzing a person or place as well. It is allows for you to determine what kind of person someone may be, the state of emotion they are feeling at the time, or even the content of a new book you picked up.  With all the information we may take in about the things and those around usIt is important that we do not let the literacy in which we take in, affect us negatively,  and shape our identities and how we view both ourselves and them.  This may cause for stereotypes and even tension, depending on the situation around us.

I know this from experience, because this is what I had done. It was during the week of my sister’s welcome week onto Drexel University. All families had been told to meet, in one of the campus’s halls. As I stepped into the crowded hall, close to my mom’s heels,  I looked around and a sea of white faces greeted me. We had arrived. We were at Drexel University. As I scanned the room I saw my sister and my dad, who were already there. I breathed a sigh of relief when I spotted her cocoa brown hair sticking out from the mass of blondes and brunettes. As I realized that there were few African- Americans families I immediately switched my speech unconsciously. I talked more proper and spoke even more politely than usual. I maintained a calmer demeanor. This was not me, my usual bubbly loud voice, and energetic demeanor had somehow vanished, thanks to the new environment and the people that surrounded me. As the day drew on, and we met other families, majority white with a sprinkle of African-American  my entire posture had changed. I sat up straighter, trying to blend in as much as possible. I could tell most of these white families had come from money, it showed in everything from their speech and the expectant proud look in their eyes as they acknowledged that they would be able to pay off their child’s tuition with or without help. I began to assume that they came from neighbors, commonly known for their large houses and educated schools. Suburbans, houses that one can only dream of living in. Upon acquiring this, I became a bit uncomfortable, because although my family is not poor, I knew we did not even come close to some of the standards by which they lived by. This being the reason why I tried to blend in, change my speech, and have some effect on the type of literacy they would get as they observed me, just as I was them.

In John Santiago Baca’s A Place To Stand, he too made similar cultural literacies as I had done about the people surrounding him. After being placed in one of the most dangerous prisons in the state, he had to make literacies of his own, literacies that would not only teach him about the people around him, but would save his life. Because of being in jail, he has plenty of time to make observations about the other men around him, which in turn allowed him to know the difference between danger and safety, life and death. He quotes about two  of his jail cell members by whom he felt uncomfortable and tense by , “JJ was short and Snake was long and tall, both had pale skin, from being in the dungeon too long. Their eyes gleamed furtively, and were lined with deception, Their blade like stares, and gaunt faces made them a lethal threat to anyone who looked at them.” (181). To be lethal means “sufficient to cause death.” This meant that Baca was aware and cautious of JJ and Snake, because he knew, that even just a look from them or at them could cause for him to be killed. He was able to determine such strongly a conclusion about them because of their appearance, and the way they came off to him and the other jail cell members. The way they looked and stared, shown that they were capable of murder and were dangerous. Therefore this causing, him to single them out as a threat and to be wary of his approach during later times. This literacy, and because of his observance allowed for him to know to stay away from them and avoid their stares at all cost. The more time he spends in jail, the more literacy he takes in and the more opinions he draws about the people around him. This allowed for him to know the difference between his friends and enemies.

I too, was continued to draw conclusions about people, and made some determining differences about the people around me as well. However, instead of friends and enemies,  I was drawing conclusions about the different educational backgrounds that many of the incoming students had. As the day went on, we came into contact with many of the families to get to know them better and to “break the ice”. This involved conversation and introductions. After what felt like hundreds, as the event continued I was able to see the difference between who had come from a great educational background and those who had not come from so great and educational background. I did this through the observance of language, and through listening to how people introduced themselves, and their demeanors and even the use of “ebonics”, which in other terms mean slang. I was able to tell about a good majority of the college kids. Whether they stuck out their hands, and politely introduced themselves, such as “my name is..” or if they jumped right to the point , without formality, with “My name..” This happened a few times, and I began to develop opinions about some of the students. The majority of them African-American. As much as I didn’t like to see it , it was unfortunately true. Many of them used slang and gave informal introductions, while the white students went out of their way to be formal and curt. It was because of this, that I was able to see the difference in educational background and systems, and the way in which it affected each racial group.

In  Mike Rose’s I just Want To Be Average, he too allowed for negative literacies about the people around him to affect not only his actions but even his identity. Upon accidentally being placed in a “slower vocational” class he writes about his observance about the people around him and how he was able to tell what kind of people they were, by not only their actions but appearance. “ Mercy relied on a series of test, mostly the Stanford Bennett mostly the stanford Binet for placement and somehow the results got switched and confused with those of another student named Rose. The other Rose apparently didn’t do very well, for I was placed in the vocational track a euphemism below level.” (17). Because of the results and outcomes of his class switch up, Mike was already able to determine that not only was Rose “slower” but that the test was not for her. He was using educational literacy, which allowed for him to analyze the level by which Rose was on and determine her status as a learner. Mike  used educational literacy to come to one conclusion, and to gain a certain type of knowledge. The author automatically was able to tell that Rose was not well prepared and was not very smart because of her test scores and the class he was placed in after the switch up. He was already able to conclude that she was “slow” and that she did not do well on standard tests because of this.

Just as Mike Rose and John Baca were able to use different literacies to determine things about the people and places around them, I too had did the same. John Baca’s literacies kept him alive in the dark confined prison by which he was placed and helped keep him afloat and connected to the real world, while Mike Rose’s literacies allowed for him to keep sane and constantly draw the line between him and his fellow vocational classmates. It reminded him that although placed in the slow class did not mean you were slow. Thus showing, that literacy and the gaining of it is not only important for how you view others and the environment around us, but even how it is a vital and ever-growing part of our identity and who we are as a person.

Kimberly Barnes

English 2

Ms. Pahomov

3/31/15

Heed to Hiercharchy

It is often questioned if leadership, needs a hiercharchy. In both real world and fictional examples, it can be agreed that it does. There are many moments in history where humans have needed leadership. Often times, upon receiving the leadership needed, people often find themselves able to see the advantages of setting up one.  A need for a leader  is driven by the unstructured or disorganized way by which things are going. This can only be solved through peaceful resolution and the understanding of one another’s opinions. Leadership makes this possible, while at the same time keeping everyone unified.

In order for leadership to be productive, a hierarchy is needed. Not just any hiercharchy but one with the potential to lead, bred, and able to handle the leadership. If not, leadership won’t be successful.

Leadership is the backbone by which organizations and civilization rely on. In order to have a productive way of leading, leaders are created from the followers. However, we choose who takes on that role, whether by looks or even by what it offered to us. No matter how that leader is chosen, people in time always see the advantage of establishing one.

In Lord of the Flies by William Golding, Ralph, a young boy who is first to explore the island, after he and other boys were stranded due to a plane crash, manages to call all the other stranded boys together. Upon witnessing their chaotic behavior and their anxiety because of their current situation, he immediately realized that having a leader would help the boys become more civilized and easier to deal with, suggests a leader for the group. “There was a buzz. One of the smaller boys, Henry, said that he wanted to go home… Shut up, Ralph said absently. Seems to me we ought to have a leader to decide things. A chief A chief! They boys shouted.” (22) The suggestion of a leader by Ralph was due to the lack of control  over the boys. Without leadership, there would be no direction or any guidance on how to live on and go about the island. It was soon decided that Ralph would be a good leader. If the boys continued to panic, they would become  less civilized. So, someone needed to take the stand. Ralph did this, showing that leadership needs hiercharchy. Often times, a leader will take the scepter and take a stand, leadership cannot be productive if it is not exercised. By doing this Ralph, allowed room for structure to enter. Ralph was not just chosen to be a leader, because he introduced the idea but because of the potential he had that the boys could see.

Just as it was recognized in Lord of the Flies, that a hiercharchy was needed, it is the same in the real world today.  Both social and political systems, are a living proof for why leadership needs a hiercharchy. Without a leader, there would be a division in culture and even ideas. People would have their own views, and ways of leading. This would lead to an unsolved solution. There would be no peaceful agreement. This is why according to leadership. Org “Hiercharchy is like a container, holding, everyone’s ideas but in one place. “  The establishment of a hierarchy is used in many governmental systems today. Specifically democracy. Although democracy is a “power to the people” type of political system, there is still someone needed to organize the people and their opinions. This is to create and establish organization. If everyone was given the leading “baton” there would be no order established. This would then have a bad effect on both society and the way the world is run. There wouldn’t be someone to establish protocol or rules.   According to hbr.com, “Hiercharchy adds structure and regularity to our lives. They provide psychic nourishment, and the ability to organize.” Without hiercharchy, people would constantly seek for source or order and stability. Hierarchies are set so that all power would not be in every person’s hands. This is to avoid chaos and a scattered system. . When things are structured everything falls into place. Our voices are easier to be heard and understood. No matter the form, there is always a leading person chosen to take on this role.  

Further on into the story, we see how the setting up Ralph as hiercharchy helped the boys become more civilized and organized. Ralph’s idea to have a head “chief” began to have a big role in on both the boys and their emotions. Many squabbles and fights were avoided, because Ralph set order. Upon one point of the story, Ralph ask the boys a question that will shape the and allow them to be understanding of the need for a leader. “Which is better, to have rules and agree or to hunt and kill?” (187). Ralph asked the boys this to show them  why having a leader was so important. It made everything much better and less savage. To set and guide, so that everyone could be unified and come to an agreement on things. No one would just have a scattered voice, but one communal one. The boys were beginning to become more savage. They wanted to kill and hunt, but did not organize themselves in a way that this could be done. This created more problems for them. This made Ralph stand up and show them why it was important for a leader to be set. This was so that further arguing would be avoided. This is a common reason for why a hierarchy is needed. Often times, when leadership is structured it is easier for things to be done and agreed upon. Rules keep our daily lives in check and in tact. Humans often look for guides to get a head start. This is what Ralph was doing. He was guiding the boys so that their actions would be successful and their community. A hiercharchy is there so that people can stick together and come to an agreement. It helps organize everyone’s ideas into something that can be agreed upon.

Both in the real world and fictional, the need for a hiercharchy is always recognized. In both Lord of the Flies, and in most democracies, although a voice was given to the people, there was someone who needed to be able to organize these voices. The hierarchy was chosen, based on their potential and trust. Humans often pick our leaders, based on how much they offer and their ability to set rules in place. Just as rules were needed to keep the boys unified in together, this same rule applies in our world. Similarly, needing a leader to set up these rules. always someone that will take and organize the voice and establish order. The boys in the book and even people in general always experience the advantage of having a leader. A hiercharchy was set up for the same reason, there was a need for civilization. Ralph was chosen because of his potential and influence, just as our hierarchies in our world are often chosen by. The boys trusted Ralph to hear their voice just a we trust our hierarchies to hear ours. With hierarchies, a reliance and trust is formed because of the the expected structure that comes with a hiercharchy. So yes, even leadership needs a leader.

Works Cited

1. Golding, William. Lord of the Flies. New York: Perigee, 2006.

2. "Why Hierarchies Thrive." Harvard Business Review. Harvard Business Center, 01 Mar. 2003. Web. 07 Apr. 2016. <https://hbr.org/2003/03/why-hierarchies-thrive>.

3. Himble, Tim. "Leadership." The Economist. The Economist Newspaper, 02 Feb. 2009. Web. 07 Apr. 2016. <http://www.economist.com/node/13051551>.

Adrianna- A 16 year old princess struggling with her feelings about being a princess. She wants to experience life as an “average girl”, who does not have princess duties and can choose her own destiny.

No Leslie, I’m not lucky to be a princess! I want something more. I want  to feel free and independent. To not have maids around me all the time. to be able to do my own hair sometimes, to unfold my hands, relax my muscles from all the fake smiling, to not have a wardrobe picked out for me, to not be reprimanded for getting dirty or being unladylike, to sometimes take off my tiara and turn up without constantly having someone watching my every move to make sure I’m am not facing any harm, to wear sneakers and sweats for once in my life!

I know  I would be like every average girl, but… that's what I want. I wish.. I was like every normal girl. My future and destiny have already been chosen for me. Who says I wanted to be queen for the rest of my life? When I’m twenty one, I will have to rule the entire country. Maybe I wanted to be a doctor. Or something else in my life. Do you not understand that when I have daughters of my own, their future will also already be planned out? They TOO will have to be queen and that is not fair!

Yes, it is nice to be royalty sometimes. There are some advantages, but there are many more disadvantages than advantages. I don’t have to constantly work and make decisions, because I am not the queen YET. I can take a walk whenever I want, without having to ask anyone because there is so much security. I also can always help people struggling with my proceeds I receive. That makes me happy, and that is an advantage.  However, there is always  the constant thought and stress that comes with the thought of soon being a queen. That often scares me. When I was a girl, being a princess was the best thing in the world to me. I was every little girl’s dream. A princess. I didn’t have to wish I could meet a princess, I WAS one. But..now... that I’m older,  I want to learn for myself. When I’m queen, I am going to make a new law. Once the princess is sixteen years of age, she will be able to choose her own hairstyles, wardrobe, and will also have to learn things for herself. I feel like if my maids were to leave me for a week, I would be a wreck. I wouldn’t know how to do anything for myself! That isn’t a very dear thought.

Yes that's true! I would have you my dear best friend to teach me things. But.. I wouldn’t know how to do simple things for myself. I have never had to wash dishes, iron my own clothes, clean a bathroom, mop a dirty floor, or make up my own bed. I don’t even know what the first step to ironing is besides plugging up the machine. Every morning my clothes have already been prepared for me. And.. to my dismay...the hairstyle I shall be wearing for that day.

Yes Leslie I know but, sometimes I want to know what  it feels like to do things for once in my life like every normal girl out there.

No, it wouldn’t ruin the purpose of being a princess! It would at least keep the maids away more often. Life in the castle, makes me feel so dependent. The point of being a princess is to learn responsibility and to continue to rule the royal throne after her mother,  the queen. It is also to find the right king to help her rule the throne in grace and valor. It is also to be free and, independent, while at the same time being ladylike and prim. Ughh.. that's the thing.. I don’t feel free and independent even though that's what I’m supposed to do.  

There is no time to be free, I told you the maids are always around and my mother is constantly nagging me with etiquette lessons. I need a break. I am only sixteen! Twenty one is a long ways off. You witness it yourself when you stay at the castle! The constant curtsying and asking if I’m okay. Sometimes I want to hide, but it would cause an uproar. Then there would be disappointment on my part and no independence.

Leslie, I know I need to learn early but just a day or even a week of independence. So that I can see how life would be as any average girl. To be fairly honest with you. Any girl can be a princess. There’s really nothing magical about it. There’s just maids, smiling, constant leg crossing, and the life of luxury. I need a break! Being independent would not only make me more reliant on myself but it would teach me how to choose my own destiny and that is my wish to choose my own destiny and my own path.

Being a princess does not necessarily allow me to do that. But you're right it is a magical experience one that should be cherished even when my role changes to queen. From now on, my satisfaction will come with knowing that I am a  vessel of royalty. I believe that any girl could be a princess. Even if I was a normal girl, I could still be a princess. It would just take a little magic and belief in my heart!

I am grateful to be a princess and I am too grateful for you Leslie, my dear best friend. Who helped me see that being princess is not at all as it seems. Independence and freedom starts with me!

Identity Theft?

“Oh my gosh, I want some syrup on these waffles!”I  remember saying to my friends, as we sat down at the lunch table.

“Syrup!?” one  questioned with a smirk.

“You mean sy-rup?” another suggests cracking up.

“You talk so ghetto!” the other laughed  tears pouring down her face.

“Yea, yea, Whatever.” I replied  laughing  as I get up and walk back to the lunch line.

The two things that may be unclear to my reader about my visual are, the reason why Black Codes were created and how they affected African Americans during this time. This matters because if the reader of my visual is unsure about why Black Codes were created, thy will be confused about the codes themselves and will want me to explain more about how African-Americans were viewed during this time. Knowing why the Black Codes were created would help my reader determine and be able to comprehend the rules that the Black Codes allowed and established. Without knowing the reasons behind these codes, my reader(s), will start questioning the actions of the African-Americans themselves. The way the Black Codes affected African-Americans is also a little unclear, I give and state ways that they could affect African-Americans but I don’t really give examples and elaborate on this. My visual that I created has meaning for Reconstruction, because the 1800-1900’s were years of big changes especially the 1800’s.One of the ways people during this time would express their feelings about these events were through flyers and even newspapers. So, for my visual I made a flyer talking about the creation of Black Codes and the type of rules that were apart of these codes. Black Codes were created right in the time of successful Reconstruction to prevent current free African- Americans from obtaining the freedom granted to them through Reconstruction. Black Codes also affected Reconstruction in a very bad way. They defied the freedom and rights that African Americans were given and they overrided the ¨Reconstruction Amendments¨ with the codes. Because, of this African-Americans could not fully take advantage of the freedom granted to them. Black Codes also connect greatly with African American History because, not only were these codes made and set to just African Americans, but they were something African Americans had to overcome. This allowed them to grow and progress and made room for change. Black Codes affected many of their lives in a bad way. However, just like many other events and challenges  that occurred in African American history, we were able to overcome them through faith, unity, and standing together.

Net Neutrality is important for teens to know, because it helps them realize how much freedom net neutrality allows us to have and helps us not take it for granted. It also helps teens learn more about I.S.P and what their jobs are and how they affect net neutrality. It helps them see that Internet Service Providers doesn’t give us the freedom that we deserve to have on our website.  Net neutrality is also important for teens to know because it treats all the data you get from a website fairly and keeps it safe.  Like, for example if you were trying to get on both YouTube and Facebook, the internet and the I.S.P's could limit your speed and charge you while net neutrality would allow you to browse and access both freely and not make you pay a charge.

I.S.Ps  want to charge you for almost every time you get on your network. Unlike Net Neutrality which allows every website you visit to have no limits for you usage. Net Neutrality also gives you freedom to use any website you want and doesn’t charge you a monthly fee for the website you are using. Internet Service Providers also want to control how much internet you use which limits your time on it. They create illegal downloads which charge you for how much internet you use and this is not fair.

Companies like Comcast and Verizon can be very crafty and can block a website or source you want to use and make their own and charge you for it. This makes you pay more money while you can easily use a website that would charge you less. This is why Net Neutrality is so important because t lets you use any website you want. Open Internet, which is another way to say free internet, avoids high and unfair prices, it limits competitiveness  from other companies, it allows more ideas, and allows you to use any speech you want.

Sources:

1. http://www.theopeninter.net/

2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_neutrality

3. http://www.fcc.gov/openinternet

Intro: ¡Hola amigos! Te presento a los seres queridos en mi vida (hermana) Me encanta familía!

Yo: Mi  nombre es  Kimberly.  Soy de Filadelfia. Tengo cuarto años.  Yo guapa, intelligente, sociable, habladora, divertida, talentosa, . Le encanta ir de compras, bailar, escribir, leer, pasar un rato con amigos, ir al cine,  y descansar.

Ella: Mi mamí es Kuzonza Barnes es de SouthWest  Filadelfia.  Los  ojos cafés y el pelo cafés. Enero de nueve cumpleaños. Tiene cuartenta y cuarto anos.  Ella es muy  guapa, habladora, sociable,  a veces  seria , cómica y baja.  Le encanta  ver la tele, ir de compras, pasar un rato con amigas, y descansar.

Él:  Es  Diggy Simmons . Los ojos cafés y el pelo negro. Tiene diecenueve  años. Es de North Filadelfia pero vivo en West Filadelfia. Él es  muy muy muy  guapo, alto, cómica y súper talentoso.   Le encanta cantar, bailar, escribir musica  y esuchar musica.

Nosotros: Mi hermana es Zenobia. Los ojos cafés y el pelo negro y cafés. Julío de diecicinco cumpleaños. Tiene diecesies años. Ella es mi mejor.  Ella es muy guapa, cómica, divertida, sociable, trabajadora, tranquila y boba. Ella es African- Americano. Le encanta bailar, ir de compras, leer, pasa un rato con amigos, ir al cine, comer. Le gusta mucho filete de queso.

Vosotras: Mi amigas Frankie, Destiny, Y Fatoumata. Nosotros somos guapa, cómica, chévere, divertida, trabajadora, y sociable. Frankie le gusta trabajadora, habladora, y knit. Destiny le gusta cantar, bailar, ella telefono, y comer, Fatoumata le gusta bailar, ir de compras, pasar un rato con  amigas.

I chose to create  my slide like this because, it represents me through, my colors and pictures that I’ve used. All of the pictures I used are important to me and make up my life memories. My pictures and colors also represent and show my personality. I have also chosen to design my slide look like this because, all of the things I used in my slide are important to me and all have significance to my life and help add to my slide in their own way. It also reflects on what I learned from the  helpful websites on how to make your slide(s) look unique and eye-catching. I also made sure that my slide had visual effect. A lot of things have influenced the design of my slide. One of the things that have influenced my design of my slide is, my liking for all of the things that I have on my slide. For example, I love pink so pink is one of my main colors in my slide and helps  add to the design of it. I also made my slide like this because, I feel that all of the words I’ve added to my slide are things that make people happy and can make the world a better place. Memories, are what makes up life whether good or bad and I think we should all have the chance to make them everyday.