* Tú vs. Ud. Questions

      Explanation to teach topic:

1.     Greeting your friends and their parents.

2.     Explanation to teach topic:

There are two type of ways to greet someone-informal and formal.

When you use informal you would use tú and when you use formal you would use usted (ud.).

When you are talking to your amigos you would use tú and when your  talking to your amigo’s parents, you would use ud.

              You would use ud. when talking to an adult to show a sign of respect.

                Example:

                Tú:

                ¿Como estás (tú)?.....How are you?

                ¿Como te llamas (tú)?....What’s your name?             

                ¿De dónde eres (tú)?....Where do you from?

                ¿Cuántos años tienes (tú)?.....How old are you?

                Ud.:

                ¿Como es (ud.)?...How are you?

                ¿Como se llama (ud.)?...What’s your name?

                ¿De dónde es (ud.)?.....Where are you from?

                ¿Cuántos años tiene (ud.)?.... How old are you?

 

     Notice how there are marking on top of certain letters. And there are two question marks, an upside down one in the front and a regular one in the back. We put two question marks or two exclamation point in front of a sentence so you would know if the sentence is a question or a statement.

                Months, Dates

                     1. Finding out cousins birthday

                     2. When you write the months you don’t capitalize it.

                          If you want to ask someone what’s today’s date, you can say:

                             ¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy?......What’s today’s date?

                          When you want to respond to this question you can say:

                              Hoy es el # de (mes)……. It’s the # of (month)

              

                  When you write the date you would write it like this en español:

      Number/month-

 Ex. 21/02…..the 21 of febrero/February

                -OR-

 Es el veintiuno de febrero

Introduction:   Saying "Hi", "What is your name?", "Where are you from?", "Nice to meet you", and "Goodbye" in Spanish.

• To say "Hi" in Spanish, you say "Hola" (the "h" is always silent).

• To say "What is your name?" in Spanish, you say "Como sé llamas" or "Como te llama" ( The sé and te are formal and informal ways. Which means that you say "te llama" to a superior (someone older than you), and sé llamas to an equal or someone younger than you.) 
• When asking "where are you from?" You say "dé dondé es?" (When you see the ´over the "e", pronounce it with a long a sound.

       


 Real life application:
 You are in Barcelona, Spain and you want to say hi to someone that speaks Spanish.
 So in English, one would normally say "Hi, what is your name", or "Hi, how are you?". How ever, in Spanish, it's a bit different.
 When you meet someone for the first time...
     You may want to say:
        ¡Hola!, ¿Como sé/té llama? Which means "Hi!, What is your name?"
     They may reply:
       " ¡Hola!, Mi nombre es *Maria, ¿y tu/udsted?" Which means "Hi, my name is Maria, and you?"
       You then reply:
            Yo soy ______ (your name) or Mi nombre es or me llamo...

Saying "Please, Thank you, Your welcome, and excuse me.

Saying please in Spanish:
 When you want to be polite in Spanish, one way to express politeness is by saying please. To say please in spanish, you say "por favor".

Saying Thank you in Spanish:
  When some one helps you out. In Spanish, you say "Gracias" or "Mucho Gracias".
Saying Your welcome in Spanish: When you help someone one out, in Spanish you say "De nada","Por Nada", or "no hay de que".


Saying Excuse me in Spanish:
3 ways to say excuse me in Spanish are "Disculpe", "Con permiso", "perdon". However, in spanish, these 3 ways are used in different situations. "Disculpe" is used to get someone's attention. Con permiso is used to get past somone. And perdon is if you accidently bump into someone.

Real life application:
   Some one helps you find directions to the hotel you are staying in.
      You say, "Mucho Gracias", or just "Gracias".
   And they say "De nada"," no hay de que", or "por nada".

You bump into someone accidently, but they speak Spanish. You say "perdon". You want to get past someone without being rude, so you say "Con permiso". You want to get someone's attention in Spanish, so you say "Disculpe por favor".

Asking and telling the time:

    In Spanish, you use Son la___ and Es la una.
 Son las is plural and Es la una is singular and only for 1 o'clock.

To ask the time, you say "Que hora es?" To tell the the time, you can say either Son las ____ or Es la una, (Depending on what the time is.)

In spanish or espanol to ask, whats the weather like you have to say, ¿Qué tiempo hace hoy? .

There are many responses to that question.  For instant. One would be, hace frio, which means its cold. There is also calor which means hot, viento which means windy, sol which means sunny and fresco which means cool. You could add mucho which means very to those phrases. There is also esta lloviendo which means, its raining or , llueve which means, it rains. Esta nevando means its snowing, or nieva means it snows and  esta nublado means its cloudy.

To ask what day is today in Spanish you would say, ¿Que día es hoy?.  You would answer that by saying, hos día es __ or es __, you would either say lunes for Monday, martes for Tuesday, miercoles for Wednesday, jueves for Thursday, viernes for Friday, sabado for Saturday and domingo for Sunday. Also as a personal note the days in Spanish are not capitalized.

To ask ,Whats today's date? in spanish. You would have to say ¿Cual es la fecha de hoy?. To answer that you would say Hoy es el # de (mes). (Mes means month in spanish).  So for october 1 2010 you would say hoy es el uno (1) de octubre. To say the rest of the months form january to december you would say the folowing:
January = enero
February = febrero
March = marzo
April = abril
May = mayo
June = junio
August = agosto
September = septiembre
October = octubre
November = noviembre
December = diciembre

This could be used to ask someone for time. It could also use to respond to people when you are asked for time. Time is important, therefore, it is always a plus for you to know how to keep track of it.