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Love, Lies, and Coincidentally, Italy

The Taming of the Shrew and Roman Holiday

From Padua to Rome, love always lies. That much, William Shakespeare and Dalton Trumbo are certain to agree on. Shakespeare’s play, “The Taming of the Shrew” and Trumbo’s 1953 film, “Roman Holiday” are evidence enough of that. The Taming of the Shrew, a victorian drama following the strange romantic mishaps between a love-polygon of unknown sides and the unlikely marriage of an overly-confident, moderately misogynist man to the titled "Shrew" of a woman, lends us its message through a number of characters. The first are Bianca and her many suitors, although most importantly the rich Lucentio who disguises himself as a teacher to reach his object of affection. The others, of course, are the aforementioned unlikely couple, Petruchio and Katherine, the former of whom decides to pursue marriage with the ladder because he really just wants a wife with money.

Roman Holiday, on the other hand, follows a mid-twentieth century princess from an undisclosed country, Ann, as she flees her overwhelming responsibilities for a day to fraternize with an American journalist in Rome. She lies to him about who she is, which he already knows, and he lies about who he is. Outside of the coincidental fact that both tales take place in Italy, the two stories share a striking similarity when it comes to how honesty, and more importantly, deception, play into romantic relationships built to last. As long as in the end, according to these narratives, the two parties fall in love, then the end justifies the means. Although one takes place 400 years in the past, and the other in the nearly modern day, the two pieces make it evident that lying and deceiving can be an acceptable course of action in a romantic relationship.

“I am Lucentio- 'hic est' son unto Vincentio of Pisa- 'Sigeia tellus' disguised thus to get your love- 'Hic steterat' and that Lucentio that comes a-wooing- 'Priami' is my man Tranio- 'regia' bearing my port- 'celsa senis' that we might beguile the old pantaloon.”

(Act III, Scene I, 33-38)

Lucentio, in his bid for Bianca’s love, disguises himself as a philosophy teacher, and sneaks his way into her daily life. In the quote above, Lucentio explains this ploy to Bianca, and how Tranio was disguised as himself in order to deceive Gremio, one of her other suitors. Though he readily admits the truth to Bianca, he still initially lies to her, and, as shown in the quote, he wants no one else to find out. For this reason, he is pretending to construe a Latin phrase, so that no one may hear them.

The leads of Roman Holiday find themselves in a somewhat different type of situation, with a different kind of lying, yet one that is no less deceitful.

(Roman Holiday, 1:03:50)

Midway through the film, the two star roles run into each other in the city after having gone their separate ways. In their conversation, both Princess Ann and Joe Bradley lie to one another about their current lives. Princess Ann claims to have run away from school, rather than her royal duties, and Bradley claims to be in the selling game. Bradley, of course, knows she’s the princess, but Ann (or Anya, as she tells him to call her), does not. Not only that, but their “accidental” encounter wasn’t nearly as accidental as Ann believed, considering how the American Reporter had followed her in secret. This is the interaction that truly sets their relationship into motion, and it’s one that’s founded entirely on lies.

“For patience she will  prove a second Grissel, and Roman Lucrece for her chastity. And to conclude, we have ‘greed so well together that upon Sunday is the wedding day.”

(Act II, Scene I, Lines 312-315)

Upon his first meeting of the titled “Shrew” of the play, Katharine, Petruchio starts his plan to “tame” the woman into marriage, and into becoming what he believes to be a proper wife. After his first private conversation with her, in which he makes little headway towards his plan and invokes nothing more than hatred from the young woman, her father, Baptista, along with several other men, enter the room. Petruchio, in what is likely the most bold faced lie one could possibly make under the circumstances, tells them that Katharine has fallen for him madly, and the two are to be wed on Sunday. Baptista, trusting this strange man’s words above his own objecting daughter’s, agrees to let the marriage happen. In this scene, Petruchio makes it clear to the audience that he is willing to weave the most dauntlessly false tales to anyone in order to marry his beloved Kate. He may not have been lying to Katharine herself, but he was forging the entirety of their coming relationship on a foundation of lies, and because she ends up loving him in the finale, it passes without issue. Of course, because the ends justify the means.

On the other side of the same coin, the main pair of Roman Holiday find themselves not only forming their relationship upon a fountain of deceit, but also ending it bathing in that same fountain.

“I have to leave you now. I'm going to that corner there and turn. You must stay in the car and drive away. Promise not to watch me go beyond the corner. Just drive away and leave me as I leave you.”

(Ann, 1:37:28)

(Roman Holiday, 1:37:28)

Before the very end of the film, the two lead characters find themselves at the end of their time together. Princess Ann must return to her royal duties, and so she asks Mr. Bradley to drive her and drop her off. Before their last loving embrace, in which they kiss for the very first time, she tells him the quote listed above. She knows that she has to leave, and yet she still can’t bring her to tell him the truth of the matter. They both know she’s lying, and yet still the two come together for a kiss and a show of love before their final goodbye. Even right until the very end, the lies still flow through the veins of their relationship. But still, they are in love. And if they are so in love, any lies they told to one another no longer matter. The deceit can be excused. While they may not have entered with the intentions of falling for one another, they found themselves tumbling regardless. Once again, the ends justify the means, and the intentions aren’t even needed.

If one thing can be learned from these two pieces, it’s that love and deceit are almost always intertwined. Italy may be a coincidence, but those two features most certainly aren’t. And, according to these creators, love makes the deceit worth it. It’s a common sentiment, in these days, that love wins above all. So why would simple lies be made the exception? Whether it be a princess and a reporter, or a brash man and a wealthy shrew, lies may come about, and as long as the love survives it, there is reason enough to ignore it. At the very least, William Shakespeare and Dalton Trumbo would say so.

Work Cited

• Shakespeare, William. The Taming of the Shrew. Ed. Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. Washington, D.C.: Folger Shakespeare Library, n.d. Print.

• Roman Holiday. By Dalton Trumbo. Dir. William Wyler. Prod. Paramount Pictures. Perf. Audrey Hepburn, Gregory Peck. N.p., n.d. Web.

Printmaking takes places with different process of many pictures or designs from special prepared tools or blocks. The first technique of duplicating images goes back several years to the sumerians caves in 3000 BCE. Printmaking is important because the process goes back many years before and it is was one of what developed modern creative art today.

Print did influence every aspect of European culture. Some suggest that print was used in bringing about all the major shifts in science, religion, politics and things that are commonly associated with modern Western culture. The printing press quickly became central to political and religious expression in Europe as well. Writers and printers like Benjamin Franklin were heroes of the time. Print was a leading tool that helped spread visionary ideas that shaped the American Revolution. Printmaking also helped develop scrolls, during the early 1 AD, for things like maps and blueprint.

In the picture above you can really see a release of negative and positive space. The artist also depicts words that flow with the picture. The artist creates color value and varies them in the shading of the darker images. In the picture you can also see some of the designs giving you dimension into the picture.

I can interpret that this picture is symbolizing a act of greed and your conscious telling you it's okay. The words that you can see are: "You need it all all", "All yours", "You want more", "Stock" and "Money". All of these words have something in common and that is want/need. The guy portrayed in this printmaking art seems to be very focused on the money and happy. But this happiness could come from the rewards of greed.

Lastly, I think this is a great picture to express emotions and a situation through positive and negative space. It struck out to me personally as a picture to reflect on and unfold. The detail in stroked lines really brings out the person in the pictures face and how he's feeling about the money and almost his story as well as what looks like his conscious around him.

Printmaking is an art form that transfers images carved out onto a medium of your choice. It originated in china around 105 BC. as printmaking traveled around the world, it became used for different prints and branched off into different versions of printmaking. Printmaking created a way for people to replicate the same image on paper fabric or any medium they pleased. It became a form of art used for printing on fabric, and used as a way to create a way to duplicate a writing like a newspaper. This is an easy form of art that is accessible by many people. That can be simple or extravagant.

I found this piece particularly interesting because of the contrast between positive and negative space. The contrast between the white and black creates helps you establish the texture of the trees. The brightness of the positive space helps to create what looks to be a reflection of the tree. I have noticed that everyone had a different take to print making. I wonder what the world would be like without printmaking, because it is used not only for art but for everyday things like creating a graphic t-shirt. What if people knew more about printmaking? Would it be something that everyone would do?

Printmaking is when you carve a image in a piece of wood then cover the wood in ink to make the carving on the wood a picture on paper. Printmaking goes way back to the egyptian time as egyptians used relief printing to and design to their fabrics. Printmaking also was used to make the first books. The invention of printmaking was revolutionary as it made comebacks with a new technique after being replaced until digital printing was made. Printmaking was all around the world when it was popular. Printmaking was also used to make famous paintings like the “Bison Couché”. Some ethnic groups had to use stone for printmaking. Chinese also used stone but to only print their names on their work.

You have to think, what would the world be without the invention of printmaking? Here is how the invention of printmaking is important and revolutionary. Without printmaking education might of been different as we couldn’t get a lot of educational books. A library would be pretty expensive to get books from as the books would of been rare to get. Teachers couldn’t print out many copies of worksheets or instructions for a experiment or project. There's more things that couldn’t be possible without the invention of printmaking but i'm not going to write them all down.

I found this image from google leading me to a wikipedia site: url to page

I think the painting is about an old man waking up to a rooster on the wall and sees his son and grandson in the distance. I noticed the maker made it look like it’s sunrise instead of the blue sky and yellow sun high in the sky. What if the rooster is the old man’s wife as the old man as his cheeks are red. I noticed there's a cliff side to the right with a tree on the edge. What if the  two people in the background are going to that cliff and passes by the old man’s house everyday

Hello and welcome to my blog about the art of printmaking. What is printmaking you ask? Relief printing is a process where protruding surface faces of the printing plate or block are inked; recessed areas are ink free. This art form is one of the best because it is mobile and pretty easy to complete.

There are 9 different ways to perform relief printing. The relief family of techniques includes woodcut, metalcut, wood engraving, relief etching, linocut, rubber stamp, foam printing, potato printing, and some types of collagraph. The most common way to do a relief print is wood cuts. This style of printing was established in the 15 century. Johannes Gutenberg started work on his printing press around 1436, in partnership with Andreas Dritzehn.

Now this form of art can take a place on almost any canvas. It’s most common place is paper. There are a lot of different things you can use to print it aswell. It uses ink the most. The ink is what you see on the paper that makes up the image.

This art form is revolutionary because of its features. It has a feature that makes it movable. Another thing about it is that you can make more than one painting by using the same template multiple times. This form of art is really cool. Another cool thing about it is that it doesn’t just make art. It can make money and newspapers.

"Gopher Tortoise" - Mary Wolfe

The image above is Turtle eating a branch of leaves. The artist use positive and negative space to create the turtles shape. The white lines on the turtle create a pattern that we normally see on a turtle’s back. I think this was a picture of the artist pet or something. They probably caught it in action of eating. I think this is a good painting because the artist uses the space well darkens the spaces perfectly. I wonder how hard it was to make this artwork. I notice the lines in the background that give a sense ground so the turtle doesn’t look like it was floating. I can’t help but think what if there was more picture, it might have deeper context.

Printmaking is the art of of making pictures and images and printing them from blocks or plates with some type of design or decoration. Printmaking originated in China, and shown up in Europe mainly on decorating cloths. It was also used to spread religions.  The invention of printmaking is very important. Printmaking basically made life a whole lot easier when it came down to some type of art or design, printmaking allowed the production of printed books.

A type of printmaking that really fascinates me is monoprinting. Monoprinting based on water color, water based inks, and can only be made one time.

I notice: that there is a lot of detail and emotion within this painting. Every little line of the sky and every dark shade of the trees were painted with feeling and real interest.

I wonder: what the painter was feeling when he/she painted this?

What if: the picture had some other type of color to it? It just wouldn’t be the same.

Printmaking is an art that is designed by printing a picture to a paper, block, or plates. Printmaking is important because it attract creativity and corporate arts to other people. The invention of printmaking was revolutionary because it first started from the Chinese and then was inspired by the Europeans. This is so important because many people was inspired by it and they want to go try it as well. It was past from generation to generation and from countries to countries and soon it was world wide.

Printmaking is a way of making art. Printmaking are designs and pictures printed on a more likely a plate or block. Sharpening tools are used to carve a design out. After your design is carved out, you would use ink to transfer the design onto the surface you want the design on. Printmaking is important because art has a way of speaking to everyone. There are so many beautiful designs that people have carved out. Engraving is one of the oldest art forms and throughout the centuries, it has turned into printmaking.

This design is a common design but very beautiful. I notice how the top of the design is white over black and the bottom is black over white. I wonder what made the artist to it this way but it was a good choice. I also noticed how the background of both trees aren’t similar. It’s cool like that because it’s like giving you 2 sides of the tree and the weather of where the tree is at.

Do you know what printmaking is? It’s simple, printmaking is a technique in art that transfers ink to a paper. There are different kinds of printmaking. Some include woodcut, linocut, lithography, and more. Printmaking is important to people all over the world. It is a well known technique all over the world. Many people use it. There are a lot of artworks that are made from printmaking techniques.

Printmaking began in China, around AD 105. The relief printmaking process was invented by Daniel Hopfer who was from Augsburg, Germany. Printmaking started to show up in Europe in the 15th Century. This was invented when paper was made, which was in China. As mentioned before, there are many different printmaking processes created by different artists. Relief printing prints what is on the left of the original surface. This method uses different materials. It requires wood or linoleum blocks. On the other hand, intaglio requires copper, zinc, as well as plastics. There are also different basic tools that is should be used for relief printing. This method uses tools such as a knife and a gouge.

This technique is created by Robert Mangold. This is a woodcut. I decided to choose this print because it is simple. It is also aesthetically pleasing to the eye. The image was carved onto a wood surface and then inked and printed.

Nasya Ie

Printmaking is a form of art, for religious use, mark an animal or prisoner, and there are different techniques to printmaking. Printmaking can be in different forms, Intaglio, stencil etc. Each Type of printmaking uses different materials and techniques. The form of printmaking was originated from China, China they used it for religious show their religious idols.

The one of the oldest type of relief printing is engraving, engraved designs were found on bones, stones and cave walls. But what was their ink back then? They used clay to make that impression. Printmaking was spreaded to Europe and Europe used it for religious use also. At that time it was getting popular, they would print things on thin pieces of paper and some people would eat it. Whatever the image was on the paper it will protect them or the will make wishes. This shows that printmaking we different for everybody they will use for different uses.

Here is an example of Chinese printmaking

I chosed this printmaking because you can see every detail and it shows you that you can do a lot with printmaking. You can see the texture, different color and how real it looks.

Overall for printmaking it can be different, printmaking can be used for traditions, religion, art, and communicate with each other.

Printmaking is a form of art that originated in China in the year 105 AD. It involves carving an image into a surface -- such as wood or metal -- and then rolling ink onto the surface. Then, the artist places paper over the image, and presses it together revealing a unique work of art. This technique came about soon after the invention of paper, making it almost ancient.

Printmaking was an important invention because of how different it is from other forms of art. It uses negative space to create beautiful art. Printmaking was also used by famous artists including Pablo Picasso and Andy Warhol along with artists from all over the world.

In the foreground, this print shows thick tree branches with two birds. The background shows a person. His shadow stretches along a road lined with buildings. I notice that the man is alone and I wonder how the image would be different if there were multiple people. It might have a less gloomy feel to it. What if the artist had made the man larger, and the tree portion smaller?

MIcah Carrera  ART 9

Printmaking is when a picture or design is printed from a special stamp, block, or plate that is specially prepared. This is important because it is a beautiful addition to the category of art and is a profession that many people do today. The invention of printmaking was revolutionary because these prints were sold for a lot of money and was seen as something that brought people together.

Printmaking is important and easy to make. The history of printmaking starts with a block some carvings and it produces many of the same copy. It’s art with a hint of a beautiful meaning and it’s easy to make around the house. Printmaking is important because it makes copying easier, it takes a small amount of time to make many types of art, it even evolved throughout history and now printmaking saves people time and effort and it’s easy for us to get copies of homework to do every night. People back then used wood, rubber, and stone, they also used ink to outline their image or text and they had to press it on paper. It evolved from Europe to China to the west, books and tests were printed easier for money, and Chinese people would print charms for lucky beliefs. The art that I chose conducted with dark and light lines, there is space between the person, the buildings, and the tree branches. I notice the contrast and how this specific art is divided between dark at the top and light at the bottom makes this a very interesting form of printmaking. I wonder why the artist had to add the person to the picture too instead of keep it an empty space between the two sides of the building. What if the artist didn't add any living form in there?

Benjamin Rivera

Printmaking was a revolutionary form of art that has evolved into art we see today

Printmaking is when you carve shapes into a piece of stained wood,roll ink on the wood ,put pressure with a piece of paper

Artist wanted something unique as sculpting and painting.Goes back to 255 B.C. Came from China

It created new art in Mexico.It gave ideas for more printmaking processes.It help create mechanical moving printing

Printmaking is interesting because you can make a flat surface turn into a 3-D Design

Relief Printing is the most interesting because it is the easiest to make and it doesn’t take a lot of materials to do it

The Work of art is fascinating there is an endless amounts of different art that are appealing to the human eye

Printmaking is the process of carving on a surface, then rolling ink on it to print on paper. This is useful because you can use the same surface with the carvings again to print on paper. You can copy the picture again and again with the same surface.

It was invented by Daniel Hopfer, the invention started in China, then moved to the Middle East. Printmaking was used on walls, stone, and even bones from long ago. It is believed that the Egyptians didn't start using wood blocks until the 6th or 7th century. When doing this process the Hopfer not only invented the idea of multiplying something, but the roller also. Before that, they used the rubbing method.

This artist decided to do a animal near a tree when it is snowing. You can tell it is snowing from all the white on it. The artist creates space by making the hill and the tree close but not on the same angle. The face on the animal shows that it is scared of the viewer or is cold because of the snow. The contrast shows that it is dark. The tree in this also has texture so you know there aren’t any leaves, you know it is winter. I notice that the animal looks at the viewer with such sadness that you actually feel sad. When I saw this I knew I had to critique it because it gave me emotion. I honestly love this print because of that.

Printmaking originated in China in 105 AD. It was an efficient way to copy designs to be re-printed. Over the next 1912 years it massively increased in popularity. In the 1400’s Daniel Hopfer popularized the method of relief printing after using it to add designs and textures to armor. During the Han Dynasty, woodblock printing was popularized being used on silk. Printmaking is a unique art form because it has multiple mediums that all come out with products unlike any other art form. Such as using wood engraving, a letterpress, or woodcutting.

Printmaking is the art of carving, etching, or putting chemicals on stone canvases and working in the art. This form of art is important because, it preserves the history of paper and ink art from China. Printmaking also is a form of art that is still used today.

Printmaking was revolutionary because using an older form of art, people started creating paper money, magazines, books, posters, and billboards.This is important because we use these things everyday, when we pay for food, read magazines or newspapers, and when we do work in school on packets or in books.